What is the difference between IHHT and hyperbaric oxygen therapy?
IHHT (Intermittent Hypoxia-Hyperoxia Training):
With IHHT, alternating low-oxygen air (hypoxia, e.g. 9–16% oxygen) and oxygen-rich air (hyperoxia, e.g. 30–40% oxygen) is inhaled at normal atmospheric pressure. The targeted switch between oxygen deficiency and surplus deliberately stresses the cells.
Physiological effect: This controlled stress stimulates mitophagy (removal of damaged mitochondria) and biogenesis (formation of new, healthy mitochondria), effectively “training” the body on a cellular level.
Goal: Similar to altitude training, IHHT aims to stimulate energy metabolism and improve performance. However, recent studies (e.g. Dr. Sinclair on intermittent fasting) suggest that autophagy may also be triggered more efficiently through other methods.
HBOT (Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy):
With HBOT, the patient breathes pure oxygen (100%) under increased pressure (usually 1.5–2 bar) inside a pressure chamber.
Physiological effect: This “floods” tissues with oxygen, significantly increasing oxygen concentration in blood and tissue. HBOT reduces inflammation, accelerates healing, and combats bacterial infections (particularly anaerobic bacteria).
Comparison & Overlap:
While IHHT works by stressing cells with oxygen fluctuations, HBOT saturates the body with oxygen. Interestingly, HBOT can also mimic aspects of the IHHT process: studies (e.g. University Hospital Graz, 2023) have shown that oxygen level fluctuations during HBOT can enhance stem cell reactivation.
X4Oxygen Innovation:
Our digital systems include a built-in IHHT function: alternating cycles (20 min pure oxygen at ~96% / 5 min ambient air at ~21%). Unlike traditional IHHT, where the difference between hypoxia and hyperoxia is ~30%, the X4 IHHT function creates a ~75% difference — making it 2.5 times stronger.
Summary:
HBOT floods the body with oxygen.
IHHT deliberately creates partial oxygen deprivation.
HBOT is generally safer and easier to use (especially with modern mHBOT systems), whereas IHHT comes with more contraindications and should only be used by healthy individuals without medical supervision.
Thanks to optimized mHBOT systems, costs can even be lower than IHHT devices, with simpler and safer handling.